“The New Industry Brazil” Program in the Structural Transformation of the State Economy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33445/psssj.2025.6.3.4Keywords:
technological innovations, fiscal regulation, investments, defense spendingAbstract
This article examines the role of the New Industry Brazil (NIB) program in driving structural transformation within the Brazilian economy. Launched in January 2024 under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s administration, NIB seeks to reverse deindustrialization, foster technological innovation, and align economic growth with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The primary objective of this study is to assess NIB’s contribution to structural change, with particular emphasis on reindustrialization, green technologies, and ecological integration. The analysis employs a mixed-methods approach, combining policy review, econometric modeling, and comparative assessment with previous industrial strategies.
The findings reveal that NIB’s six mission-oriented pillars have mobilized approximately R$ 3.4 trillion in investments (R$ 1.2 trillion public and R$ 2.2 trillion private), leading to a 3.7% increase in manufacturing output in 2024, an improvement in Brazil’s UNIDO ranking from 70th to 40th place, and significant progress in strategic sectors such as defense (R$ 112.9 billion allocated under Mission 6). Nonetheless, the program continues to face challenges related to bureaucratic inefficiencies and regional disparities.
Theoretically, this study advances the understanding of mission-oriented industrial policy in emerging economies, underscoring the relevance of green structuralism in Latin American development. Practically, it highlights the need for stronger public–private partnerships and balanced regional distribution of industrial benefits, while outlining sustainable investment opportunities for the private sector.
The originality of this research lies in the integration of real-time 2024–2025 data with historical comparisons, positioning NIB as a neo-developmentalist strategy in the context of post-pandemic recovery and the global energy transition.
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